中文語法「V 著」:用法、例句與練習
「V 著」是日常中文裡非常實用的結構,用來描述某個動作完成後留下的狀態,或某個動作、姿勢在另一件事發生時持續進行。學會這個句型後,你就能自然地表達「門開著」、「她穿著紅裙子」和「他站著聊天」等生活情境。
V-zhe is a useful Mandarin pattern for describing a continuing state resulting from an action, or an action or posture that continues while something else happens.
一、核心用法
結構:主語+V 著+賓語/補充內容
Pattern: subject + verb + 著 + object/complement.
「著」讀輕聲 zhe。它不強調動作正在發生,而是把焦點放在持續的狀態。例如「門開著」表示門目前保持開啟;「他站著聊天」表示站立是聊天時持續的姿勢。
二、生活例句
天氣變冷了,不要開著窗戶睡覺。
The weather has turned cold. Don’t sleep with the window open.
朋友:我可以進去嗎?
你:門開著,可以直接進來!
Friend: May I come in?
You: The door is open. You can come right in!
朋友:哪個是你的男朋友?
我:穿著黑色衣服的那個。
Friend: Which one is your boyfriend?
Me: The one wearing black clothes.
朋友:小明昨天晚上去哪裡?
我:他帶著太太和孩子一起去看電影。
Friend: Where did Xiaoming go last night?
Me: He took his wife and child to see a movie with him.
要出發了!你怎麼還在那裡站著聊天?
It’s time to leave! Why are you still standing there chatting?
三、練習題
請填入最自然的「V 著」。點擊題目即可查看答案。
1. 他_____窗外的風景。
答案:看著。Tā kànzhe chuāngwài de fēngjǐng. — He is looking at the scenery outside.
2. 門_____,請進來。
答案:開著。Mén kāizhe, qǐng jìnlái. — The door is open. Please come in.
3. 請_____我說話。
答案:看著。Qǐng kànzhe wǒ shuōhuà. — Please look at me when you speak.
4. 老師_____說話。
答案:站著。Lǎoshī zhànzhe shuōhuà. — The teacher is speaking while standing.
5. 桌上_____好多書。
答案:放著。Zhuō shàng fàngzhe hǎoduō shū. — Many books are lying on the table.
6. 你在這裡_____,媽媽馬上就來了。
答案:等著。Nǐ zài zhèlǐ děngzhe, māma mǎshàng jiù lái le. — Wait here; Mom will be here soon.
7. 學生_____上課。
答案:坐著。Xuésheng zuòzhe shàngkè. — The students attend class while sitting.
8. 她_____一件紅色的裙子。
答案:穿著。Tā chuānzhe yí jiàn hóngsè de qúnzi. — She is wearing a red skirt.
9. 公園裡很多人_____歌、_____舞。
答案:唱著、跳著。Gōngyuán lǐ hěnduō rén chàngzhe gē, tiàozhe wǔ. — Many people are singing and dancing in the park.
10. 這裡有很多人,你要_____媽媽,不然很危險。
答案:跟著。Zhèlǐ yǒu hěnduō rén, nǐ yào gēnzhe māma, bùrán hěn wēixiǎn. — There are many people here. Stay with Mom, or it could be dangerous.